მედიაციის კონფიდენციალურობის საკანონმდებლო გარანტიების სახელშეკრულებო მექანიზმებით გაძლიერების საკითხისათვის
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60131/jlaw.2.2023.7697საკვანძო სიტყვები:
მედიაცია, კონფიდენციალურობა, კონფიდენციალურობის თაობაზე შეთანხმება, სამედიაციო მორიგება, მტკიცების ტვირთი, უსაფრთხო მოლაპარაკება, ინდივიდუალური შეხვედრა, პირგასამტეხლო, კონფიდენციალურობის დარღვევა.ანოტაცია
კონფიდენციალურობა მედიაციის ცენტრალური არსობრივი მახასიათებელი,[1] ფუნდამენტური პრინციპი და მედიატორის ერთ-ერთი უმთავრესი ეთიკური ვალდებულებაა,[2] რომელიც წაახალისებს მხარეთა გახსნილ, გულწრფელ კომუნიკაციას[3] და საკუთარი ინტერესების, საჭიროებებისა და საზრუნავის თვითგამოხატვას უსაფრთხო გარემოში.[4] კონფიდენციალურობა ხშირად მედიაციის პროცესის ინიცირების მთავარ მამოტივირებელ ფაქტორად განიხილება, რამეთუ კონფიდენციალურობის ინტერესი შესაძლებელია განხორციელდეს დავის გადაწყვეტის სისტემათა კონტინუუმიდან სწორედ მედიაციის პროცესის გამოყენებით, რომელიც უზრუნველყოფს ინფორმაციის გაუმჟღავნებლობის ინტერესს. მხარის განსაკუთრებული ინტერესი კონფიდენციალურობის მიმართ შესაძლებელია განპირობებული იყოს მისი სურვილით, თავიდან აიცილოს სასამართლო გადაწყვეტილებით პრეცედენტის დამკვიდრება.
სტატიაში კონფიდენციალურობის მნიშვნელობა განხილულია პირადი ცხოვრების ხელშეუხებლობის ჭრილში, გაანალიზებულია მხარეთა წინაშე მედიატორის ინფორმირების ვალდებულება და კონფიდენციალური ინფორმაციის უსაფრთხო გაზიარების სტანდარტები. სტატია მიზნად ისახავს კონფიდენციალურობის მნიშვნელობისა და საკანონმდებლო გარანტიების კვლევას, მათი სრულყოფილი განხორციელების შესაძლო გამოწვევების იდენტიფიცირებას და დაცვის სახელშეკრულებო მექანიზმებით გაძლიერების აუცილებლობის განსაზღვრას.
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[2] Chen A. (ed.), Zhao Y., Mediation and Alternative Dispute Resolution in Modern China, Springer, Hong Kong, 2022, 63; Turner C., Wählisch M., Rethinking Peace Mediation Challenges of Contemporary Peace-Making Practice, Bristol University Press, 2021, 310; Garner B. (ed.), Black’s Law Dictionary, 8th ed., Thomson West, 2004, 1315; Wendel B. W., Professional Responsibility, Examples and Explanations, Aspen Publishers, United States of America, 2007, 138.
[3] Foster T.N., Prentice S., The Promise of Confidentiality in Mediation: Practitioners' Perceptions, Journal of Dispute Resolution, Vol. 2009, Issue 1, 164.
[4] Boulle L., Mediation, Principles, Process, Practice, LexisNexis Butterworths, 3rd edition, 2011, 673; Leimguber D., Public Interest and Mediator’s Ethical Dilemma, Australian Dispute Resolution Journal, 24 (3) 2013, 187; Butler V.F., Mediation: Essentials and Expectations, Dorrance Publishing Co., Inc., 2004, 6.
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