Separation of the Agreement Concluded in Favour of Third Party from the Agreement Concluded Through a Representative
Keywords:
The agreement concluded in favor of the third party; transactional representation; separation, representative, represented personthird party.Abstract
The difference between an agreement concluded in favor of a third party and an agreement concluded through a representative is demonstrated in the article. The mentioned is shown through establishing interrelation between the separate elements of notion of an agreement concluded in favor of a third party, the purpose of declaration of will of the parties, powers of third party or the basics of legal relations of participants of contractual relationship. All of this illustrates the essence of an agreement concluded in favor of a third party and an agreement concluded through a representative, in addition, it makes clear that not all agreements involving three parties should be regarded as concluded in favor of third party.
References
Civil Code of Georgia (as of October 2019), Gazette of the Parliament, 31, 24/07/1997.
Baigusheva Yu.V., Representation in Russian Civil Law, Thesis work, Saint-Petersburg, 2015, 117 (in Russian).
Bamberger G., Roth H., Janoschek Ch., BGB, 4. Aufl., München, 2019, 2286.
Bayer W., Der Vertrag zugunsten Dritter, Tübingen, 1995, 5 ff, 129, 209, 219, 339.
Bettermann K., Verpflichtungsermächtigung und Vertrag zu Lasten Dritter, JZ, 1951, 321.
Boiling H., Lutrinhhause P., Systemic Analysis of Basics for Requirements of Civil Code of Georgia, Bremen, Tbilisi, 2009, 30 (in Georgian).
Brox H., Walker W. -D., Allgemeines Schuldrecht, 39., Aufl., München, 2015, §32, 377.
Chanturia L., General Section of Civil Law, Tbilisi, 2011, 421, 422, 426, 427, 428, 429, 430, 431, 434 (in Georgian).
Chanturia L., Introduction to the General Section of Civil Law of Georgia, Tbilisi, 2000, 390, 410, 411 (in Georgian).
Chanturia L., Comments to the Civil Code of Georgia, Book III, Tbilisi, 2001, 216; 218, 219 (in Georgian).
Chechelashvili Z., Contract Law, Tbilisi, 2010, 85 (in Georgian).
Christandl G., Der Vertrag zugunsten Dritter im Entwurf für ein neues spanisches Schuldrecht im Spiegel des europäischen Vertragsrechts, ZEuP 2012, 247.
Chachava S., Online comment to the Civil Code of Georgia, Article, 492, field 1, 3, 7, [30.03.2016] (in Georgian).
Chachava S., Competition of Requirements and Basics for Requirements in Private Law, Tbilisi, 2010, 32-35 (in Georgian).
Dniestrzanski S., Die Aufträge zugunsten Dritter, Leipzig, 1904, 6, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 46-50.
Erman W., Westermann P. (Hrsg.), Handkommentar, 14., Aufl., Köln, 2014, 1485.
Erkvania T., Protection of Interests of Third Parties in the Representation, Journal “Justice and Law”, №3(34)’12, 29, 32, 33, 37, 38 (in Georgian).
Gernhuber J., Das Schuldverhältnis, Tübingen, 1989, §20 I 3-4, 470.
Gottwald P., Münchener Kommentar, 8. Aufl., München, 2019, 676, 677, 680-681.
Graffenried C., Schadloshaltung des Dritten in zweivertraglichen Dreiparteienverhältnissen, Diss., Bern, 2019, 91, 98, 99.
Hirtsiefer W., Unterschied zwischen echtem und unechtem Vertrag zugunsten Dritter, Diss., Köln, 1935, 2.
Jauernig O., Stadler A., BGB, Kommentar, 15. Aufl., München, 2014, 475.
Joussen J., Schuldrecht I, AT, 3., überarb. Aufl., Stuttgart, 2015, 358, 360.
Joussen J., Schuldrecht I, AT, 4., überarb. Aufl., Stuttgart, 2017, 367.
Jürgen H., Der echte Vertrag zugunsten Dritter als Rechtsgeschäft zur Übertragung einer Forderung, Münster, 1983, 14-17.
Jorbenadze S., Chanturia L. (ed.), Comment to the Civil Code of Georgia, Book I, Tbilisi, 2017, 592, 593, 600 (in Georgian).
Kereselidze D., The Most General Systemic Concepts of Private Law, Tbilisi, 2009, 360, 400-403, 405, 406, 408 (in Georgian).
Kobakhidze A., Civil Law, I, General Section, Tbilisi, 2001, 310 (in Georgian).
Kropholler J., German Civil Code, Study Comment, Chechelashvili Z., Darjania T. (transl.), Chachanidze E., Totladze L. (eds.), Tbilisi, 2014, §328, 80, 233, 235 (in Georgian).
Kötz H., Vertragsrecht, 2., Aufl., Tübingen, 2012, 170.
Krauskopf P., Der Vertrag zugunsten Dritter, Diss., Freiburg Schweiz, 2000, 6, 402.
Legashvili D., Peculiarities of Definition of Essential Conditions for the Agreement Concluded in Favor of the Third Party based on Independent Request, “Law Journal”, №2, 2016, 104-120 (in Georgian).
Larenz K., Lehrbuch des Schuldrechts, Band I, AT, 14. Aufl., München, 1987, 223.
Looschelders D., Schuldrecht, AT, 12. Aufl., München, 2014, 404, 408, 409.
Looschelders D., Schuldrecht, AT, 16., neu bearbeit. Aufl., München, 2018, 423.
Looschelders D., Schuldrecht, AT, 14. Aufl., München 2016, 411.
Lübe G., Vertragsschutz Dritter und allgemeine Haftungsrecht, Inaugural-Dissertation, Düsseldorf, 1964, 154 ff.
Macharadze M., Withdrawal from and Termination of Agreement – Differences and the Legal Consequences (in accordance with the Georgian and German Laws) Review of Georgian Law - Special Edition, 2008, 126 (in Georgian).
Medicus D., Lorenz S., Schuldrecht I, Besonderer Teil , 20., neubearb. Aufl., München 2012, 410, 411.
Medicus D., Lorenz S., Schuldrecht I, AT, 21., neubearb. Aufl., München, 2015, 387.
Palandt O., Grüneberg Ch., BGB, 78. Aufl., München 2019, 565.
Petersen J., Die Drittwirkung von Leistungspflichten, Jura, (12), 2013, 1230.
Raab Th., Austauschverträge mit Drittbeteiligung, Tübingen, 1999, 37, 38.
Rusiashvili G., Aladashvili A., Chanturia L. (ed.), Comment to the Civil Code of Georgia, Book III, Tbilisi, 2019, 277, 292 (in Georgian).
Rusiashvili G., Chanturia L. (ed.), Comment to the Civil Code of Georgia, Book I, Tbilisi, 2017, 492 (in Georgian).
Soergel Th., Pfeiffer Th. (Red.), Hadding W., BGB, Band 5/3, 13. Aufl., Stuttgart, 2010, 11, 12, 13, 22.
Staudinger J., Löwisch M (Red.), BGB, Buch 2, Berlin, 2015, 63, 210, 233, 234, 235, 236.
Schmidt R., GBG AT, Grumndlagen des Zivilrechts Methodik der Fallbearbeitung, 13 Aufl., Hamburg, 2015, 182.
Wall F., Das Valutaverhältnis des Vertrags zugunsten Dritter auf den Todesfall – ein Forderungsvermächtnis, Tübingen 2010, [1], 4; 536 ff.
Zoidze B., Comment to the Civil Code of Georgia, Book I, Tbilisi, 2002, 196, 276 – 279, 283, 284, 288 (in Georgian).
Zweigert K., Kötz H., Introduction to the Comparative jurisprudence in the field of Private Law, Sumbatashvili E. (transl.), Ninidze T. (ed.), Vol. II, Tbilisi, 2001, 146 (in Georgian).
The Judgment №3k-1492-02 of 19th March, 2003 of the Chamber of Civil, Entrepreneurial and Bankruptcy Cases of the Supreme Court of Georgia.
The Judgment №3as-329-313-2013 of 30th April, 2013 of the Chamber of Civil Cases of the Supreme Court of Georgia .
The Judgment №as-127-124-2011 of 5th September, 2011 of the Chamber of Civil Cases of the Supreme Court of Georgia.
The Judgment №as-479-806-05 of 27th January, 2006 of the Chamber of Civil, Entrepreneurial and Bankruptcy Cases of the Supreme Court of Georgia.
The Decision №3g-ad-537-k-02 of 16th April, 2003 of Chamber of administrative and other category cases of the Supreme Court of Georgia .
The Decision №3k-313-03 of 18th June, 2003 of the Chamber of Civil, Entrepreneurial and Bankruptcy Cases of the Supreme Court of Georgia.
OLG Köln, NJW 1978, 896, 897.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
