Phenomenological Inquiries into Gerhart Husserl’s Scientific Work "The Subject of Law and the Legal Person"
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60131/jlaw.2.2024.8316Keywords:
Subjectivity of Law, Real Space, Legal Status of Person, Fiction, Authority, Legal System, Individual, Legal Possibility (posse-posse).Abstract
The scientific work presented by Gerhart Husserl is devoted to the concepts of the ontological nature of the subject of law and a legal person. The author analyzes their specific features using a phenomenological approach and offers original findings.
According to the study, the subject of law is regarded as part of the real sphere, while a legal person is seen as an abstract (legal) phenomenon. Gerhart Husserl believes that the subjectivity of law is determined by factors of self-consciousness and personal identity; the subject of law has an individual will, full autonomy, and moral responsibility. As for a legal person, it is considered an artificial construction; its will is determined by collective decisions, and its freedom of action is limited by certain rules. In addition, the responsibility of a legal person is solely legal in nature. The intentionality acting on the subjectivity of law is aimed at one's own consciousness, while a legal person has a functional load. Thus, according to Gerhart Husserl, the distinction between the concepts of the subject of law and a legal person is expressed in their ontological nature, the foundations of origin, specificity of will, scope of autonomy, nature of responsibility, various skills and circumstances.
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