On the History of the Formation of Legal Language Based on the Example of the Constitution of the Democratic Republic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60131/jlaw.1.2026.11861Keywords:
Georgian legal language, legal terminology, Constitution of the Democratic Republic of GeorgiaAbstract
The article is devoted to a particular instance in the history of the formation of Georgian legal language - the legal terms used in the 1921 Constitution of the Democratic Republic which failed to become established in Georgian legal usage. This is especially evident from today’s perspective, more than 100 years later, and leads us to think that a certain part of contemporary legal terminology may meet the same fate in the future.
References
Bibliography:
1. Constitution of Georgia, 24/08/1995, Articles. 1.2, 9.1, 10.2, 15, 51.3 and 63.2.
2. Constitution of Georgia, 21/02/1921, Articles 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 12, 20, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 35, 36, 39, 40, 43, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 61, 64, 65, 70, 72, 73, 74, 80, 86, 88, 91, 92, 111, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 133, 136, 137 and 140.
3. The Organic Law of Georgia on Courts of General Jurisdiction, 04/12/2009, Article 351.5.
4. Criminal Code of Georgia, 22/07/1999, Articles 29, 34.1, 114 and 123.
5. Civil Code of Georgia, 26/06/1997, Article 119.3.
6. Civil Procedure Code of Georgia, 14/11/1997, Articles 377 and 393.
7. Civil Law Code of the SSR of Georgia, 18/08/1923, Articles 113 and 139.
8. Maritime Code of Georgia, 15/05/1997, Articles 4410.2.g), 255, 265.1.e) and 267.
9. Penitentiary Code of Georgia, 15/12/2023, Article 27.11.
10. Juvenile Justice Code of Georgia, 12/06/2015, Article 6.
11. Law of Georgia on General Education, 08/04/2005, Articles 3.1.b) and 486.1.c).
12. Law of Georgia on Culture, 12/06/1997, Article 6.
13. Law of Georgia on Private Security Activities, 21/11/2008, Article 21.3.h).
14. Law of Georgia on Police, 04/10/2013, Articles 50.11 and 511.1.
15. Law of Georgia on Enforcement Proceedings, 16/04/1999, Article 45.1.e).
16. Law of Georgia on the State Security Service of Georgia, 08/07/2015, Article 41.10.
17. Law of Georgia on the Special State Protection Service, 20/02/1996, Article 17.21.
18. Law of Georgia on Mental Health, 14/07/2006, Article 7.2.
19. Law of Georgia on Health Care, 10/12/1997, Article 1542.
20. Decree of the President of Georgia on the Approval of the Temporary Regulation on the Disciplinary Liability and Disciplinary Proceedings of Judges of the Courts of General Jurisdiction, 09/05/2000, definitions, Article 3.
21. Order No. 174 of the Minister of Justice of Georgia on the Rules of Operation of Institutional Archives, 15/06/2007, Article 11.2.n.a).
22. Order No. 35/N, 11/03/2011 of the Minister of Education and Science of Georgia.
23. Resolution No. 48 of 21/11/2014 of Borjomi Municipality Council.
24. Resolution No. 12 of 26/02/2015 of Akhalkalaki Municipality Council.
25. Order No. 396 of 1/05/2006 of the Minister of Education of Georgia on the Approval of the Unified National Examination Programme.
26. Resolution No. 394 of 30/06/2020 of the Government of Georgia on the Approval of the Norms of Standard Georgian.
27. Resolution of the Georgian National Communications Commission on the Approval of the Regulations on the Provision of Services and the Rights of Consumers in the Field of Electronic Communications, 17/03/2006, Articles 25.4.h) and 25.5.
28. International Treaty and Agreement of Georgia: Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, 12/04/2014, date of entry into force: 12/04/2014, Article 24.1.a).
29. International Treaty and Agreement of Georgia: International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 16/12/1966, date of entry into force: 03/08/1994, Article 17.
30. International Treaty and Agreement of Georgia: Convention between the Government of Georgia and the Government of Turkmenistan for the Avoidance of Double Taxation with respect to Taxes on Income and on Capital, 05/12/1997, date of entry into force: 26/01/2000, Articles 2.2 and 15.1.
31. International Treaty and Agreement of Georgia: Agreement between the Government of Georgia and the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran on the Reciprocal Promotion and Protection of Investments, 26/09/1995, date of entry into force: 22/06/2005, Article 1.e).
32. International Treaty and Agreement of Georgia: Convention concerning Equal Remuneration for Men and Women Workers for Work of Equal Value, 29/06/1951, date of entry into force: 23/05/1953, Article 1.a).
33. International Treaty and Agreement of Georgia: Consular Convention between Georgia and the Republic of Kazakhstan, 11/11/1997, date of entry into force: 21/08/1999, Articles 15, 24 and 25.
34. International Treaty and Agreement of Georgia: Consular Convention between Georgia and Romania, 01/07/1998, date of entry into force: 12/06/1999, Article 45.2.
35. International Treaty and Agreement of Georgia: Consular Convention between Georgia and the Republic of Uzbekistan, 16/10/2000, date of entry into force: 17/05/2005, Articles 15, 24 and 25.
36. International Treaty and Agreement of Georgia: Consular Convention between Georgia and Italy, 16/10/2000, date of entry into force: 17/05/2005, Articles 9, 26, 27 and 70.
37. International Treaty and Agreement of Georgia: Project Partnership Agreement between the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and the Ministry of Internally Displaced Persons from the Occupied Territories, Accommodation and Refugees of Georgia, 02/02/2017, Articles 13.14 and 13.16.
38. Dolidze I., Monuments of Georgian Law, Vol. 1, Tbilisi, 1963, 505 (in Georgian).
39. Kiknadze D., Towards a Systemic Understanding of the Motivation of Criminal Behaviour, Almanac of Georgian Young Lawyers’ Association, 2000, no. 13, 125 (in Georgian).
40. Kantaria B., The Influence of Western Systems of Forms of Government on Georgia’s First Constitution, dissertation, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Faculty of Law, Tbilisi, 2011, 103 (in Georgian).
41. Khvadagiani I., Eroba Self-Government Reform in the Republic of Georgia 1918, (research team: Kobakhidze R., Khvadagiani D., Khvadagiani I., Margvelashvili A. (ed.)), Vol. 1, Tbilisi, 2017, 19, 21, 25 and 37 (in Georgian).
42. Khubua G., Theory of Law, Tbilisi, 2015, 5, 150, 151 (in Georgian).
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Sulkhan Oniani
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
