Fairness, as the Standard of Restriction of the Contractual Freedom
Keywords:
Fairness, Contractual Freedom, Contractual Fairness, Private Autonomy, Good Faith, Trust, Determination of Content of Obligation, Interpretation of the Will, Free Discretion, Contractual Party, Third Person.Abstract
Contractual fairness is an important principle of civil law and plays essential role in the stability of civil relationships. Article 325 of the Civil Code of Georgia provides the requirement to determine the contents of obligation on the basis of fairness. It includes not only the contractual relations envisaged by the CCG, but also the various institutions of private law.
CCG establishes the definition of the content of the obligation on the basis of fairness when the content of the obligation is determined by one of the parties or by a third party of the contract.
In this case the party by whom the content is defined is obliged to determine the content of the contract on the basis of fairness. There are cases when the participants of civil relations are in a state of inequality and there is a threat of abuse of the right from the favored party. Thus, the stipulation of the principle of fairness of the contract in CCG is of a crucial importance in order to establish the fair balance between the participants of the civil relationships.
Regardless of importance of the above mentioned article, it has not been the subject of research in Georgian doctrine and its importance was not understood by the court either. The presented paper aims to examine importance of contractual fairness in the private-legal relations and the principles and prerequisites of the use of the provision of Article 325 of CCG in these relations.
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